「Lawrencium」調整以後𣍐蜀樣其地方
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Sĭng hiĕk: '''Lawrencium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só. Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só sê 103, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Lr. ==Huá-... |
無編輯摘要 |
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Dâ̤ 1 hòng:
{{Infobox element
|number=103
|symbol=Lr
|name=Lawrenci
|enname=lawrencium
|laname=lawrencium
|left=[[nobelium|Nobeli]]
|right=[[rutherfordium|Rutherfordi]]
|above=[[lutetium|Luteti]]
|below=(Upp)
|series=actinium-hiê
|series comment=ô sèng-âu dóng có̤ [[guó-dô gĭng-sṳ̆k]]
|group=3
|period=7
|block=d
|appearance=silvery ''(predicted)''<ref name="emsley">{{cite book|last=Emsley|first=John|title=Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements|edition=New|year=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-960563-7|page=278–9}}</ref>
|atomic mass=[266]
|electron configuration=[[[radon|Rn]]] 5f<sup>14</sup> 7s<sup>2</sup> 7p<sup>1</sup><!--In case you want to fix this, please don't. Read the article, specifically the section "atomic": it explains why. Experiments are inconclusive, but modern calculations all favour the 7p1 configuration.-->
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 8, 3
|phase=gó-tā̤
|phase comment=''(predicted)''
|density gpcm3nrt=~15.6–16.6
|density gpcm3nrt comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=density>{{cite journal |last=Fournier |first=Jean-Marc |date=1976 |title=Bonding and the electronic structure of the actinide metals |journal=Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=235–244 |doi=10.1016/0022-3697(76)90167-0}}</ref><ref name=Penneman>{{cite journal |last=Penneman |first=R. A. |last2=Mann |first2=J. B. |date=1976 |title='Calculation chemistry' of the superheavy elements; comparison with elements of the 7th period |journal=Proceedings of the Moscow Symposium on the Chemistry of Transuranium Elements |pages=257–263 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-08-020638-7.50053-1 |access-date=6 June 2016}}</ref>
|crystal structure=hexagonal close-packed
|crystal structure comment=''(predicted)''<ref name=hcp>{{cite journal|doi=10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104|title=First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals|year=2011|last1=Östlin|first1=A.|last2=Vitos|first2=L.|journal=Physical Review B|volume=84|issue=11|bibcode=2011PhRvB..84k3104O }}</ref>
|melting point K=1900
|melting point C=1627
|melting point F=2961
|melting point comment=''(predicted)''
|oxidation states='''3'''
|number of ionization energies=3
|ionization energy 1=478.6
|ionization energy 1 ref=<ref>http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i15/Lawrencium-Ionization-Energy-Measured.html?cq_ck=1428631698138</ref>
|ionization energy 2=1428.0
|ionization energy 2 comment = ''(predicted)''
|ionization energy 3=2219.1
|ionization energy 3 comment = ''(predicted)''
|CAS number=22537-19-5
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=266 | sym=Lr | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=11 h | dm=[[spontaneous fission|SF]] | de= | link1= | pn=| ps=}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=262 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=3.6 h | dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de= | link1=nobelium-262 | pn=262 | ps=No}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=261 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=44 min | dm=SF/ε? | de= | pn= | ps=}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=260 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=2.7 min | dm=[[alpha decay|α]] | de=8.04 | link1=mendelevium-256 | pn=256 | ps=Md}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=259 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=6.2 s | dm1=78% α
| de1=8.44 | link1=mendelevium-255 | pn1=255 | ps1=Md
| dm2=22% SF | de2= | pn2= | ps2=}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=256 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=27 s | dm=α | de=8.62,8.52,8.32... | link1=mendelevium-252 | pn=252 | ps=Md}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=255 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=21.5 s | dm=α | de=8.43,8.37 | link1=mendelevium-251 | pn=251 | ps=Md}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=254 | sym=Lr | na=syn | hl=13 s
| dm1=78% α | de1=8.46,8.41 | link1=mendelevium-250 | pn1=250 | ps1=Md
| dm2=22% ε | de2= | link2=nobelium-254 | pn2=254 | ps2=No}}
|naming=after [[Ernest Lawrence]]
|discovered by=[[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] and [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]]
|discovery date=1961–1971
}}
'''Lawrencium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]]. [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 103, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Lr.
==Huá-hŏk séng-cék==
第5行 ⟶ 第60行：
==Cié-chṳ̄==
==Chăng-kō̤ cṳ̆-lâiu==
{{reflist}}
{{Ciŭ-gĭ-biēu}}
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