「Samarium」調整以後𣍐蜀樣其地方

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Sĭng hiĕk: thumb|right|200px|Samarium '''Samarium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só. Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-s...
 
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{{Infobox element
[[File:Samarium-2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Samarium]]
|number=62
|symbol=Sm
|name=Samari
|laname=samarium
|allotropes=α form
|left=[[promethium|Promethi]]
|right=[[europium|Europi]]
|above=–
|below=[[plutonium|Plutoni]]
|series=lanthanum-hiê
|period=6
|group=n/a
|block=f
|image name=Samarium-2.jpg
|appearance=silvery white
|atomic mass=150.36
|atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
|atomic mass 2=2
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration=&#91;[[xenon|Xe]]&#93; 4f<sup>6</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2
|phase=gó-tā̤
|density gpcm3nrt=7.52
|density gpcm3mp=7.16
|melting point K=1345
|melting point C=1072
|melting point F=1962
|boiling point K=2173
|boiling point C=1900
|boiling point F=3452
|heat fusion=8.62
|heat vaporization=192
|heat capacity=29.54
|vapor pressure 1=1001
|vapor pressure 10=1106
|vapor pressure 100=1240
|vapor pressure 1 k=(1421)
|vapor pressure 10 k=(1675)
|vapor pressure 100 k=(2061)
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=rhombohedral
|oxidation states=4, '''3''', 2, 1
|oxidation states comment=(a&nbsp;mildly [[base (chemistry)|basic]] oxide)
|electronegativity=1.17
|number of ionization energies=3
|ionization energy 1=544.5
|ionization energy 2=1070
|ionization energy 3=2260
|atomic radius=180
|covalent radius=198±8
|magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref name=magnet>{{cite book |url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }}
</ref>
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=µ
|electrical resistivity=([[room temperature|r.t.]]) (α, poly) 0.940
|thermal conductivity=13.3
|thermal expansion= ([[room temperature|r.t.]]) (α, poly) 12.7
|speed of sound rod at 20=2130
|Young's modulus=α form: 49.7
|Shear modulus=α form: 19.5
|Bulk modulus=α form: 37.8
|Poisson ratio=α form: 0.274
|Vickers hardness=410–440
|Brinell hardness=440–600
|CAS number=7440-19-9
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=144 | sym=Sm | na=3.07%| hl=– | dm1=([[double beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup>]]) | de1=1.7811 | link1=neodymium-144 | pn1=144 | ps1=Nd | dm2=([[alpha decay|α]]) | de2=0.0761 | link2=neodymium-140 | pn2=140 | ps2=Nd }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=145 | sym=Sm
| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=340&nbsp;d
| dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de=– | link1=promethium-145 | pn=145 | ps=Pm}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=146 | sym=Sm
| na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=1.03&times;10<sup>8</sup>&nbsp;y
| dm=α | de=2.529 | link1=neodymium-142| pn=142 | ps=Nd}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=147 | sym=Sm
| na=14.99% | hl=1.06&times;10<sup>11</sup>&nbsp;y
| dm=α | de=2.310 | link1=neodymium-143 | pn=143 | ps=Nd}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=148 | sym=Sm
| na=11.24% | hl=7&times;10<sup>15</sup>&nbsp;y
| dm=α | de=1.986 | pn=144 | ps=Nd}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=149 | sym=Sm
| na=13.82% | hl=>2×10<sup>15</sup>&nbsp;y
| dm=(α) | de=1.870 | link1=neodymium-145 | pn=145 | ps=Nd}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=150 | sym=Sm | na=7.38% | hl=– | dm=(α) | de=1.4495 | link1=neodymium-146 | pn=146 | ps=Nd }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=151 | sym=Sm
| na=syn | hl=90&nbsp;y
| dm=[[beta decay|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=– | link1=europium-151 | pn=151 | ps=Eu}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=152 | sym=Sm | na=26.75% | hl=– | dm=(α) | de=0.2203 | link1=neodymium-148 | pn=148 | ps=Nd }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=153 | sym=Sm
| na=syn | hl=46.284&nbsp;h
| dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=– | link1=europium-153 | pn=153 | ps=Eu}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=154 | sym=Sm
| na=22.75% | hl=>2.3×10<sup>18</sup>&nbsp;y
| dm=([[double beta decay|β<sup>−</sup>β<sup>−</sup>]]) | de=1.2510 | link1=gadolinium-154 | pn=154 | ps=Gd}}
|isotopes comment=Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
|naming=after the mineral [[samarskite]] (itself named after [[Vasili Samarsky-Bykhovets]])
|discovery and first isolation by=[[Lecoq de Boisbaudran]]
|discovery date=1879
}}
'''Samarium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]]. [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 62, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Sm.
==Huá-hŏk séng-cék==
第7行 ⟶ 第105行:
==Cié-chṳ̄==
 
==Chăng-kō̤ cṳ̆-lâiu==
{{reflist}}
{{Ciŭ-gĭ-biēu}}