「Iridium」調整以後𣍐蜀樣其地方
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Sĭng hiĕk: thumb|right|200px|Iridium '''Iridium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só. [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]... |
無編輯摘要 |
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Dâ̤ 1 hòng:
{{infobox element
|number=77
|symbol=Ir
|name=Iridi
|enname=iridium
|laname=iridium
|left=[[osmium|Osmi]]
|right=[[băh-gĭng]]
|above=[[rhodium|Rhodi]]
|below=[[meitnerium|Meitneri]]
|series=guó-dô gĭng-sṳ̆k
|group=9
|period=6
|block=d
|image name=Iridium-2.jpg
|image alt=Two square pieces of gray foil
|appearance=silvery white
|atomic mass=192.217
|atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
|atomic mass 2=3
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration=[[[xenon|Xe]]] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>7</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
|phase=gó-tā̤
|density gpcm3nrt=22.56
|density gpcm3mp=19
|melting point K=2719
|melting point C=2446
|melting point F=4435
|boiling point K=4403
|boiling point C=4130
|boiling point F=7466
|heat fusion=41.12
|heat vaporization=564
|heat capacity=25.10
|vapor pressure 1=2713
|vapor pressure 10=2957
|vapor pressure 100=3252
|vapor pressure 1 k=3614
|vapor pressure 10 k=4069
|vapor pressure 100 k=4659
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=face-centered cubic
|oxidation states= −3, −1, 0, 1, 2, '''3''', '''4''', 5, 6, 7, 8, 9<ref name=IrIX>{{cite journal |last=Wang |first=Guanjun |last2=Zhou |first2=Mingfei |last3=Goettel |first3=James T. |last4=Schrobilgen |first4=Gary G. |last5=Su |first5=Jing |last6=Li |first6=Jun |last7=Schlöder |first7=Tobias |last8=Riedel |first8=Sebastian |date=2014 |title=Identification of an iridium-containing compound with a formal oxidation state of IX |journal=Nature |volume=514 |pages=475–477 |doi=10.1038/nature13795}}</ref>
|electronegativity=2.20
|number of ionization energies=2
|ionization energy 1=880
|ionization energy 2=1600
|atomic radius=136
|covalent radius=141±6
|magnetic ordering= [[paramagnetic]]<ref>{{cite book |url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }}
</ref>
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity at 20=47.1
|thermal conductivity=147
|thermal expansion=6.4
|speed of sound rod at 20=4825
|Young's modulus=528
|Shear modulus=210
|Bulk modulus=320
|Poisson ratio=0.26
|Mohs hardness=6.5
|Vickers hardness=1760–2200
|Brinell hardness=1670
|CAS number=7439-88-5
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=188 | sym=Ir
| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=1.73 d
| dm=[[electron capture|ε]] | de=1.64 | link1=osmium-188 | pn=188 | ps=Os}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=189 | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=13.2 d
| dm=ε | de=0.532 | link1=osmium-189 | pn=189 | ps=Os}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=190 | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=11.8 d
| dm=ε | de=2.000 | link1=osmium-190 | pn=190 | ps=Os}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=191 | sym=Ir | na=37.3% | hl=– | dm=([[alpha decay|α]]) | de=2.0839 | link1=rhenium-187 | pn=187 | ps=Re }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=192 | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=73.827 d
| dm1=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de1=1.460 | link1=platinum-192 | pn1=192 | ps1=Pt
| dm2=ε | de2=1.046 | link2=osmium-192 | pn2=192 | ps2=Os}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=192[[nuclear isomer|m2]] | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=241 y
| dm=[[isomeric transition|IT]] | de=0.161 | pn=192 | ps=Ir}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=193 | sym=Ir | na=62.7% | hl=– | dm=(α) | de=1.0173 | link1=rhenium-189 | pn=189 | ps=Re }}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=193m | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=10.5 d
| dm=IT | de=0.080 | pn=193 | ps=Ir}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=194 | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=19.3 h
| dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=2.247 | link1=platinum-194 | pn=194 | ps=Pt}}
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=194m2 | sym=Ir
| na=syn | hl=171 d
| dm=IT | de=– | pn=194 | ps=Ir}}
|isotopes comment=Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
|history comment label=[[Discovery of the chemical elements|Discovery]] and first isolation
|history comment=[[Smithson Tennant]] (1803)
}}
'''Iridium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]]. [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 77, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Ir.
==Huá-hŏk séng-cék==
第6行 ⟶ 第102行：
==Cié-chṳ̄==
==Chăng-kō̤ cṳ̆-lâiu==
{{reflist}}
{{Ciŭ-gĭ-biēu}}
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