「Rhodium」調整以後𣍐蜀樣其地方
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Sĭng hiĕk: thumb|right|200px|Rhodium '''Rhodium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng gĭng-sṳ̆k, iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng huá-hŏk nguòng-só. Nguòng-... |
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{{Infobox element
|number=45
|symbol=Rh
|name=Rhodi
|enname=rhodium
|laname=rhodium
|left=[[ruthenium|Rutheni]]
|right=[[ă (gĭng-sṳ̆k)|Paladi]]
|above=[[Gū (gĭng-sṳ̆k)|Coban]]
|below=[[iridium|Iridi]]
|series=guó-dô gĭng-sṳ̆k
|group=9
|period=5
|block=d
|image name=Rhodium powder pressed melted.jpg
|appearance=silvery white metallic
|atomic mass=102.90550
|atomic mass ref=<ref name="IUPAC">[http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm Standard Atomic Weights 2013]. [[Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights]]</ref>
|atomic mass 2=2
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration=[[[krypton|Kr]]] 4d<sup>8</sup> 5s<sup>1</sup>
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 16, 1
|phase=gó-tā̤
|density gpcm3nrt=12.41
|density gpcm3mp=10.7
|melting point K=2237
|melting point C=1964
|melting point F=3567
|boiling point K=3968
|boiling point C=3695
|boiling point F=6683
|heat fusion=26.59
|heat vaporization=493
|heat capacity=24.98
|vapor pressure 1=2288
|vapor pressure 10=2496
|vapor pressure 100=2749
|vapor pressure 1 k=3063
|vapor pressure 10 k=3405
|vapor pressure 100 k=3997
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=face-centered cubic
|oxidation states=6, 5, 4, '''3''', 2, 1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/rhfr_jmol.html|title=Rhodium: rhodium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> −1, −3
|oxidation states comment=(an [[amphoterism|amphoteric]] oxide)
|electronegativity=2.28
|number of ionization energies=3
|ionization energy 1=719.7
|ionization energy 2=1740
|ionization energy 3=2997
|atomic radius=134
|covalent radius=142±7
|magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref>{{cite book |url=http://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }}
</ref>
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity at 0=43.3
|thermal conductivity=150
|thermal expansion at 25=8.2
|speed of sound rod at 20=4700
|Young's modulus=380
|Shear modulus=150
|Bulk modulus=275
|Poisson ratio=0.26
|Mohs hardness=6.0
|Vickers hardness=1100–8000
|Brinell hardness=980–1350
|CAS number=7440-16-6
|isotopes=
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=99 | sym=Rh
| na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=16.1 d
| dm1=[[electron capture|ε]] | de1=– | link1=ruthenium-99 | pn1=99 | ps1=Ru
| dm2=[[gamma ray|γ]] | de2=0.089, 0.353,<br/>0.528 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay3 | mn=101[[nuclear isomer|m]] | sym=Rh
| na=syn | hl=[[1 E5 s|4.34 d]]
| dm1=ε | de1=– | link1=ruthenium-101 | pn1=101 | ps1=Ru
| dm2=[[Internal conversion|IT]] | de2=0.157 | link2=rhodium-101 | pn2=101 | ps2=Rh
| dm3=γ | de3=0.306, 0.545 | pn3= | ps3=–}}
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=101 | sym=Rh
| na=syn | hl=[[1 E8 s|3.3 y]]
| dm1=ε | de1=– | pn1=101 | ps1=Ru
| dm2=γ | de2=0.127, 0.198,<br/>0.325 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=102m | sym=Rh
| na=syn | hl=3.7 y
| dm1=ε | de1=– | link1=ruthenium-102 | pn1=102 | ps1=Ru
| dm2=γ | de2=0.475, 0.631,<br/>0.697, 1.046 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay4 | mn=102 | sym=Rh
| na=syn | hl=[[1 E7 s|207 d]]
| dm1=ε | de1=– | pn1=102 | ps1=Ru
| dm2=[[positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de2=0.826, 1.301 | pn2=102 | ps2=Ru
| dm3=[[beta decay|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de3=1.151 | link3=palladium-102 | pn3=102 | ps3=Pd
| dm4=γ | de4=0.475, 0.628 | pn4= | ps4=–}}
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay | mn=103 | sym=Rh | na=100% | hl=– | dm=([[spontaneous fission|SF]]) | de=<15.462 | pn= | ps= }}
{{infobox element/isotopes_decay2 | mn=105 | sym=Rh
| na=syn | hl=35.36 h
| dm1=β<sup>−</sup> | de1=0.247, 0.260,<br/>0.566 | link1=palladium-105 | pn1=105 | ps1=Pd
| dm2=γ | de2=0.306, 0.318 | pn2= | ps2=–}}
|isotopes comment=Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
|discovery and first isolation by=[[William Hyde Wollaston]]
|discovery date=1804
}}
'''Rhodium''' sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[gĭng-sṳ̆k]], iâ sê siŏh cṳ̄ng [[huá-hŏk nguòng-só]]. [[Nguòng-cṳ̄ sê̤ṳ-só]] sê 45, huá-hŏk hù-hô̤ sê Rh.
==Huá-hŏk séng-cék==
第6行 ⟶ 第105行：
==Cié-chṳ̄==
==Chăng-kō̤ cṳ̆-lâiu==
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